Mentality of the gold standard Free Essay Example, 1000 words

However, numerous factors that emerged at the same time have undermined investment. First, every person has the motive to invest and this provides a great risk for any investment idea. Companies fear for the balance of demand and supply in a market where every person has a potential to invest. This discouraged investment and companies avoided launching new projects as a precautionary measure. Unfortunately, the World Bank could not reverse their policies since they steel could not push away this mentality (Eichengreen and Temin 23-34). The result of this is that the depression became more severe and it became a problem hard to control. Since the deflationary measures that existed affected the international scope, this problem was experienced within the country. Einchengreen and Temin (12) argue that the great depression escalated to the international scope due to the fact those who had the gold standard mentality made decisions and policies that affected the global business. For instance, although the state officials who were wedded the gold standard were removed from office, it is clear that the new official had to work with central bankers who suffered from this mentality. We will write a custom essay sample on Mentality of the gold standard or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The central bank was responsible for regulate the international monetary policies that affected the whole world. Therefore, they were unable to completely phase away this mentality from the system. Therefore, the banker concentrated on providing low interest rates that could support economic development in the world. The effect of such policies was that the people borrowed but did not invest. This explains that is why the banks run to bankruptcy and the ended collapsing. Like other financial, Eichengreen and Timen (23), they take a close examination of the economic history of over three decades before the set in of the financial crisis. He notes that the main cause of the problem was the stagnation of the employee wages. Unlike in the past, the wages did not increase proportionally to the economic growth of the country. Therefore, the people’s ability to finance the mortgages they acquired after the government passed its housing policy was low. As a result, the public could not afford to pay back the loans hence resulting to defaulted loans. Therefore, the government idea of housing the public was important but a policy that did not succeed due to the problem of economic constraint of the public. Therefore, the stripping of home equity links to the policies developed by those who maintained the gold standard mentality.

Restorative Justice Model And Domestic Violence - 924 Words

Introduction Beginning in the late 1960’s there began a shift in societal values from punishment of criminal behavior towards addressing the needs of the victims of crime. The questions being asked shifted from what law was broken to who was hurt. (Calhoun, 2013) It can be said that even today there still appears some controversy over the effectiveness and place of restorative justice however it has begun to infiltrate legislation. In Kansas K.S.A. 21-5414 (Domestic Battery) recently passed the requirement that all domestic violence offenders are required to undergo assessment and treatment from a certified batterers intervention program; a form of restorative justice. With this in mind the focus of subsequent discussion will be around defining terminology in restorative justice and domestic violence, effectiveness and implications, use in social work case management, and potential improvements to be made. Description of Restorative Justice Model and Domestic Violence Offenders One of the major roots founded in the core of restorative justice is the connection, no matter how damaging, that links a victim to their offender. There is forever a connection developed between the victim and offender despite the lack of a previous knowledge of each other. The practice of RJ has been developed on three baselines; preparation, encounter, and follow-up. During preparation the provider focuses on explain accountability to the offender, focusing on the difference inShow MoreRelatedRestorative Justice in South Africa - Can It work?1342 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction In a society filled with crime, violence, and corruption prisons are overflowing and imprisonment often creates more hardened criminals, rather than creating rehabilitated persons. South Africa needs to adopt a less putative approach to the punishment of crimes, and restorative justice can either help achieve this or only worsen matters. 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The behaviour manifests in response to dispositional forces:Read MoreCauses And Consequences Of Intimate Partner Violence1142 Words   |  5 PagesCauses and Consequences There are different reasons and outcomes that come from Intimate Partner Violence. A percentage of the danger components for Intimate Partner Violence are the same and others are typically connected with each other. Concurring to National Institute of Justice, one in five ladies are murdered or seriously harmed by an intimate partner. The deadly or life-debilitating occurrence is ordinarily the first physical brutality that is experienced from their partner (Block, 2003).Read MoreSteps And Precautions Of Animal Cruelty1243 Words   |  5 Pagesrequire removal of the animal from the home. Either way, your call will guarantee a better life for the pet. The ACO’s will keep your name confidential. 2. Understand the link between animal cruelty and domestic abuse. There is a direct link between animal abuse and other types of domestic violence, from child abuse to spousal abuse. If you suspect animal abuse in a home, your phone call could open the door to more help for the family. Animal control officers are aware of the link and if they feelRead MoreRestorative Justice And Reducing Prison Population1495 Words   |  6 PagesRestorative Justice to Reduce Prison Population Is long-term incarceration working to resolve issues of criminal conduct? When considering the population of people incarcerated is rising at an alarming rate and crime statistics not dropping by much, it is hard to tell if incarceration is working in these modern times. The United States prison population is the largest in the world. In fact, the United States has 2.3 million persons in institutions which is more than the rest of the world combined

Ideals and Values for 12th Century Medieval Aristocrats Free Essays

Chrà ©tien de Troyes’ Lancelot: The Knight of the Cart, told a tale of a mighty knight. It has the air, to us, of fable. It was of fabrication as two cults of the time, courtly love and honor, dominated the story. We will write a custom essay sample on Ideals and Values for 12th Century Medieval Aristocrats or any similar topic only for you Order Now These cults were parts of a set of medieval aristocratic ideals and values. Within this set, the cults had supportive notions of hospitality, oaths, service, and military prowess. Courtly love pushed the tale into existence when Lancelot stepped onto the cart and courtly love pushed the tale to completion with the death of Meleagant at the hands of Lancelot. Lancelot put into motion these actions. Lancelot’s love for Queen Guinevere bound him to honorable displays of his devotion to her. Chrà ©tien’s tale began with Meleagant’s appearance at King Arthur’s court at Camelot. He informed King Arthur that : â€Å"†¦King, If you have a single knight In this court of yours you can trust To take your queen to the woods, Where I’ll be going when I’m finished Here, then I’ll agree To let him have those prisoners I’ve got in my dungeons, provided He can defeat me in battle, It being understood That possession of your queen is the prize For victory.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (lines 69-80). Those at court did not immediately secure the return of the Queen. She was gone. Chrà ©tien soon related how a knight (Lancelot) jumped into a cart driven by a dwarf. Those having committed criminal or despicable acts occupied such a cart in those days. Lancelot entered the cart since the dwarf promised to later reveal the whereabouts of the Queen. Chrà ©tian noted : †¦and the knight Followed along behind For several steps, not climbing Right up. But his hesitant shame Was wrong. †¦(360-364). This delay on the part of Lancelot came back to thwart his efforts when he had gotten the release of the Queen from her captor. She said : â€Å"Indeed? Didn’t the cart Shame you the least little bit? You must have hesitated, For you lingered a good two steps. And that, you see, was my sole Reason for ignoring your presence.†Ã‚   (4491-4496). This rigidity characterized the cult of honor as exemplified by Lancelot’s actions. If an affair of honor came about, then the knight must perform in the honorable way. Yet there were levels of honor as when Meleagant, described as a pitiless brave fool, subscribed to a higher honor of battling Lancelot at King Arthur’s court in a year’s time and agreed to forgo combat at an earlier time (3886-3895). Chrà ©tien saw that honor in service to love ignored common sense and reason. Reason did not include in its realm the working of the heart. Love had its way. For love’s commands, even shame endured. Deep in reflection, Lancelot had no defense against love. He did completely forget himself. An opponent challenged Lancelot three times before crossing a stream. The opponent struck Lancelot with Lancelot still in love’s command. The opponent had unfairly struck him. Lancelot wanted to avenge this disturbance of his revery (891-893). Outside revery he was in a fair enough way but his one and only heart he entrusted to some one else such that he was constrained in a special manner (1231-1248).   He found the Queen’s comb. It had strands of her hair and he was ecstatic: Touching them a hundred thousand Times, caressing with his eves, His lips, his forehead, his face. And all of it brings him happiness, Fills him with the richest delight; He presses it into his breast, Slips it between his shirt And his heart – worth more than a wagon- Load of emeralds or diamonds, (1470-1478). Later, in traversing the sword bridge, the blade cut so as to maim him but the suffering was sweet since love led him on and relieved his pain (3115-3122). Still later a distraught Lancelot, thinking that the Queen is dead, attempted to kill himself by hanging himself from his saddle by means of his belt (4264-4268). Honor had its greatest demands made upon it by love but it spanned also military activity for which the knights were constantly prepared. In this preparation, a generous hospitality aided them that mostly included horses (284-289), beds (458-463), and food. For the first two, they had a choice. The mistress of a house offered Lancelot the house and the mistress of the house (938-949). Thus prepared, their military valor was a pledge, an oath, which they must uphold. A knight could be in the grip of another knight and not fight correctly; so the second knight asked to release the first knight. Then the second knight could recover his military equipment and they could then fight in the approved manner (839-852). The more honor gained in combat, the better. Accompanying a damsel involved an unspoken oath and was a very serious business since the knight was then responsible for her. A challenging knight could assault her with impunity if a challenging knight defeated the escorting knight (1304-1322). Mercy could be granted for the about to be vanquished but this usually entailed an oath be taken. The one who granted mercy redeemed this oath to their benefit. If one had an oath to carry out, then could not do it, there could be shame of a great dimension when another knight did the deed (4013-4019). Knights sometimes honored a pledge, for honor’s sake, even though it seemed not in the best interests of most of those involved as when Kay sought to have the Queen accompany him into the forest where a knight awaited : The king was upset, but his word Had been given, and he could not revoke it, No matter how angry and sorrowful It made him (which was easy to see). The queen, too, was deeply Displeased, and the whole palace Denounced Kay’s pride and presumption In making such a demand. (179-186). Again, it could be a combatant who would not continue the fight if pledged by his lady to cease. Then the other knight must not force a continuance then and there by striking the one who no longer lifts a weapon. Meleagant, for example, struck Lancelot.   The Queen had requested Lancelot to stop fighting:   The king came hurrying down From the tower, to stop him. Straight To the field of battle he went, Speaking these words to his son: â€Å"What’s this? You think it’s fine To go on fighting, after He’s stopped? You act like a savage!† (3824-3831). The truth of the matter is that Lancelot only appeared to give up. In truth he was doing what his lady had requested of him. Later her captors said she was lying about bloodied sheets (4788-4798). This was a most grievous charge and so combat was called for. Holy relics came out and, on their knees, the parties involved did swear. Truth in other matters was another preoccupation of the aristocrats that Chrà ©tien wrote about. There were standards of truth against which the knights and others could measure their conduct. To seek death in ignorance was the action of a fool.   A fool too was one who does not truly humble oneself. A fool never lost his folly. Those nobles, not fools, did not need to seek praise to enhance their deeds and self praise did not increase one’s esteem. The madness of a fool had no cure: â€Å"Who do you think believes you?† Said the king. â€Å"All these people Can tell for themselves what’s true And False. We know you’re lying.† (3841-3844). Far from the fool was the man as lover who was always obedient and gladly did his lover’s bidding in short order. He knew much about love and included in this knowledge was that honor done for love entailed no shame. Should something greatly go amiss, he would not fear death. Death desired those who were afraid of it (4283-4284). Before death there were dwarfs. Lancelot encountered two dwarfs in the tale. Neither one was up to any good. The first, described as a â€Å"Low-born and disgusting† dwarf (353) did lead Lancelot astray. The dwarf lied as to knowing the Queen’s whereabouts but did convince Lancelot to enter the cart. The other dwarf encountered Lancelot on Lancelot’s approach to the water bridge. The dwarf promised to take Lancelot to a special place (5081-5084). This dwarf also lied. No one said anything about what happened to the dwarfs. Presumably, they received a suitable fate for their unbecoming behavior. Perhaps death found them soon enough without their heads. It seemed that beheading was the surefire way to ensure that the one on their way out did indeed depart. Lancelot did battle with an enemy and after having vanquished him, a woman wants the opponent’s head. Lancelot obliges : One swing of the sword, the head Was off, and it and the body Fell to the ground. And the girl Was happy†¦.(2927-2930). The headless one wronged her. Lancelot had already showed mercy to the opponent. Then again the opponent had pleaded for mercy. Then too the opponent had been most impertinent with Lancelot. So the upshot of this battle was the damsel was pleased and the opponent lost his head. Another beheading occurred at the end of the tale. Meleagant reflected on how it was that Lancelot had made his way to Camelot. Meleagant had thought he had locked Lancelot in a tower from which there could be no escape. He realized that he was a victim of trickery. He was ready for something worse than great shame and humiliation (6967-6969).   In his battle with Lancelot he lost his right arm. He felt badly since he then could not strike Lancelot. Then he was smashed in the face by Lancelot. Three teeth are broken in his mouth. His state enraged him to the extent he could not speak and so did not seek mercy. Lancelot cut off his head. It was finished : And let me assure you, no one Who was there, watching the battle, Felt the slightest pity. The king and his courtiers and ladies Were fairly jumping for joy (7099-7103). Works Cited Chrà ©tien de Troyes. Lancelot: The Knight of the Cart. Trans. Burton Raffel. New Haven London: Yale University Press ,1997. How to cite Ideals and Values for 12th Century Medieval Aristocrats, Essay examples